%
% Copyright (C) 2008-2003 Azzeddine LAZREK. All rights reserved.
%
% This program may be distributed and/or modified under the conditions
% of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.2 of this license
% or any later version.
%
% The latest version of this license is in
% http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt and version 1.2 or later is
% part of all distributions of LaTeX version 1999/12/01 or later.
%
% This program consists of all files listed in the file readmera.tex.
%
% readmerm.tex
% This file belongs to the RamzArab package.
%


\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}

\usepackage{graphicx}

\usepackage{ramzarab}

\input amlogo.tex


\title{\RamzArab{}\\
Arabic mathematical symbols font}

\author{Azzeddine L\textsc{azrek} \\
Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences \\
Department of Computer Science\\
 PO Box 2390, Marrakech, Morocco \\
Phone: +212 24 43 46 49 \hspace{1cm} Fax: +212 24 43 74 09 \\
\texttt{lazrek@ucam.ac.ma}\\
\texttt{http://www.ucam.ac.ma/fssm/rydarab}}

%\day{}


\begin{document}

\maketitle


\section{Introduction}

\RamzArab{} is a first core of an Arabic mathematical font,
conceived in the observation of rules of the Arabic calligraphy of
the Arabic mathematical symbols. It's a package that can be used
in a \TeX{} system. It could be used by the packages \RyDArab{}
and \CurExt{} to compose some Arabic mathematical expressions with
the expandable curvilinear symbols.

The \RamzArab{} font, offer to the user several mathematical
symbol choices, of shape to be used in the different situations
and domains of the Arabic scientific document and in the different
Arabic regions.

Some objectives of the \RamzArab{} Arabic mathematical font
developed in \texttt{OpenType} and respected Naskh style are:
\begin{itemize}
\item the production of Arabic mathematical symbols of tidy
calligraphy and that defer the Arabic letters used in the text of
Arabic font, such as \texttt{xnsh} of Arab\TeX{}; \item the
confection of font without recourse to the scanner. It drove us to
the survey of rules of the calligraphy of the Naskh style in view
of a formulation of these rules; \item bets it to disposition of
the user of other shapes of Arabic letter glyphs for the Arabic
mathematical symbols. For example, the drawn letters with only
their contour and/or those with a tail; \item takes it in
consideration of the kashida; \item the confection of static parts
of the Arabic expandable symbols.
\end{itemize}\medskip


\TeX{} is a system of document treatment developed initially by
D.~E.~Knuth of the Stanford university. It is conceived for the
exchange and the transmission of text, a real, language of
communication, and the formatting, an excellent capacity of
composition, of document. It contains families of fonts
\texttt{Computer Modern} developed in \texttt{METAFONT}. \TeX{} is
a set down mark of American Mathematical Society.
\texttt{METAFONT} is a set down mark of Addison-Wesley Inc. The
format \texttt{plain} \TeX{} has been developed by D.~E.~Knuth.

Arab\TeX{} is an extension of \TeX{} conceived by K.~Lagally of
the Stuttgart university. It permits to generate the Arabic
writing, from an ASCII transliteration, of text of different,
languages using the Arabic alphabet. It permits to encrust a text
in Arabic in a Romance text, and vice versa. It also permits to
introduce a Romance mathematical expression in an Arabic text.
Arab\TeX{} contains the \texttt{xnsh} font developed in
\texttt{METAFONT}. Arab\TeX{} is protected by copyright and set
down under the LPPL (\emph{\LaTeX{} Project Public License}) of
\LaTeX3{} Project.

$\Omega$ is an extension of \TeX{} developed by J.~Plaice and
Y.~Haralambous. It allows generating multilingual texts using the
Unicode coding system.

The \LaTeX{} format has been developed initially by L.~Lamport.
\LaTeX{} is protected by a free license that is LPPL
(\emph{\LaTeX{} Project Public License}) of \LaTeX3{} Project.


\section{Package}

\subsection{Files}

The package \RamzArab{} is distributed as:
\begin{description}
\item \texttt{ramzarab.zip}: file compressed in \texttt{ZIP} format
for Windows or Linux platform.
%\\ \item \texttt{rydarab.tar.Z} file compressed tar format for Unix platform.
\end{description}

The decompression package gives the following directory tree:
\begin{description}
\item \texttt{doc}: the subdirectory of files for documentation
composed of:
\begin{description}
\item \texttt{readmerm.tex}: this file in \texttt{TEX} format for
a preliminary description. \item \texttt{readmerm.pdf}: this file
in \texttt{PDF} format for a preliminary description. \item
\texttt{lppl.txt}: license information of the \LaTeX{} Project
Public License. \item \texttt{tabramzarab.tex}: the TEX file of
font calling \texttt{ramzarab.mf}. \item \texttt{tabramzarab.pdf}:
the PDF file of font characters. \item \texttt{tabsourceramz.tex}:
tables of \RamzArab{} symbols.
%\item \texttt{tex}: the subdirectory of files for \texttt{plain} \TeX{} %composed of:
%\begin{description}
%\item \texttt{ramzarab.tex}: the file of font definition.
%\end{description}\medskip
\end{description}\medskip
\item \texttt{tex/latex}: the subdirectory of files for \LaTeX{}
composed of:
\begin{description}
\item \texttt{ramzarab.sty}: the extension of font.
\item \texttt{uramzarab.fd}: the file of font definition.
\item \texttt{ramzarabfnt.tex}: the file of font declarations.
\end{description}\medskip
\item \texttt{fonts/source}: the subdirectory of files in
\texttt{METAFONT} composed of:
\begin{description}
\item \texttt{ramzarab.ttf}: the file of glyphs of font characters
in OpenType. \item \texttt{ramzarab.mf}: the file of glyphs of
font characters from \texttt{ramzarab.ttf}. \item
\texttt{ramzarab.tfm}: the file of glyphs of font characters.
\item \texttt{ramzarab.600pk}: the file of glyphs of font
characters.
\end{description}
\end{description}


\subsection{Installation}

To install this package, one can put it into a folder intended to
be the usual one.


\section{Versions}

\subsection{Historic}

\begin{itemize}
\item 2004/03/03 v1.1: developed with Mostafa Banouni of the Ibn
Zohr University and Mohamed Elyaakoubi of the Cadi Ayyad
University.
\item 2004/10/03 v1.2: it includes:
\begin{itemize}
\item more characters; \item the improvement of glyphs.
\end{itemize}
\item 2005/07/03 v1.3: it includes:
\begin{itemize}
\item more characters; \item the improvement of glyphs.
\end{itemize}
\item 2008/02/03 v1.4: change of some name glyphs in order to be
adapted with \texttt{Arabi} system. The following commands
\verb|\alef|, \verb|\jeem|, \verb|\dal|, \verb|\waw|, \verb|\lam|,
\verb|\meem|, \verb|\seen|, \verb|\sad|, \verb|\qaf| and
\verb|\hamza|
 becomes

\verb|\alefA| , \verb|\jeemA|, \verb|\dalA|, \verb|\wawA|,
\verb|\lamA|, \verb|\meemA|, \verb|\seenA|, \verb|\sadA|,
\verb|\qafA| and \verb|\hamzaA| respectively. \item the future
version will include:
\begin{itemize}
\item more characters;
\item the improvement of glyphs;
\item etc.
\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}


\subsection{Compatibility}

There is a compatibility between the first versions.

The \RamzArab{} extension is compatible with all extensions that
we had the opportunity to use jointly. It can happen that
incompatibilities are generated at the time of the utilization of
\RamzArab{} together with other extensions.


\section{Preamble}

To generate the Arabic mathematical symbols of the \RamzArab{}
font with the \LaTeX{} format, the user must insert, in the
preamble document, the following command:
\begin{center}
\verb|\usepackage{ramzarab}|
\end{center}
 or in \texttt{plain} \TeX{}:
\begin{center}
\verb|\input ramzarab|
\end{center}


\section{Commands}


The names used for Arabic alphabetic letters are those adopted by
Unicode Standard.


(Cf. Table~\ref{alphabeticdirect}) (Cf. Table~\ref{alphabetic})
(Cf. Table~\ref{dotalphabetic}) (Cf.
Table~\ref{singalphabetic})(Cf. Table~\ref{autre}) (Cf. Figure
1~\ref{itabramzarab})


\textbf{Example}:

\noindent\begin{minipage}{50mm}
\begin{verbatim}
 \beh , \initial{\beh} , \tailed{\beh} ,
 \stretched{\beh} , \looped{\beh} ,
 \doublestruck{\beh} , \initialdoublestruck{\beh}
\end{verbatim}
\end{minipage}
\hfill\fbox{$
 \beh , \initial{\beh} , \tailed{\beh} ,
 \stretched{\beh} , \looped{\beh} ,
 \doublestruck{\beh} , \initialdoublestruck{\beh}
$}

$ $

\noindent or

$ $

\noindent\begin{minipage}{50mm}
\begin{verbatim}
 \beh , \Beh , \behh , \beha ,
 \BEH , \bbeh , \BBeh
\end{verbatim}
\end{minipage}
\hfill\fbox{$
 \beh , \Beh , \behh , \beha ,
 \BEH , \bbeh , \BBeh
$}


\input tabsourceramz.tex


\clearpage
\vspace{-40mm}
\begin{figure}[p]
%\begin{center}
%\input{tabramz.tex}
\resizebox{130mm}{130mm}{\includegraphics[viewport=35mm 110mm
170mm 250mm]{tabramzarab.pdf}} \vspace{60mm}
\caption[RamzArab]{\RamzArab{} Arabic mathematical
font}\label{itabramzarab}
%\end{center}
\end{figure}


\clearpage
\section{Documentation}

In \cite{these} and \cite{tugfont}, we have given a large presentation for Arabic mathematical presentation.
In \cite{unicodem} we have presented a study for Arabic mathematical font.
In \cite{amas}, some symbols of this font are proposed to be add to Unicode Standard.
In \cite{rydarabunicode} we have gathered all propositions to Unicode Consortium.


\section{Copyright}

\RamzArab{} is copyrighted. The system and its source program's
are in the public domain. That will encourage its use in one hand,
and in the other hand, it allow its extension and improvement. The
system is copyright only in order to forbid unauthorized copies.

However, you may use it freely for any scientific, experimental
and strictly personal, non-commercial purposes if you give proper
credit to the author. All other uses require a separate written
license from the author.

This program may be distributed and/or modified under the
conditions of the \LaTeX{} Project Public License, either version
1.2 of this license or any later version.

The latest version of this license is in: \\
\centerline{\texttt{http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt}}
and version 1.2 or later is part of all distributions of \LaTeX{}
version 1999/12/01 or later.

This program consists of all files listed in this file
\texttt{readmenx.tex}.

The \RamzArab{} project is far from finished. It supposed to
change without prior notice.


Copyright \copyright{} 2008-2003 Azzeddine LAZREK. All rights
reserved.

Address: Azzeddine L\textsc{azrek} \\
Cadi Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences \\
Department of Computer Science\\
 PO Box 2390, Marrakech, Morocco \\
Phone: +212 24 43 46 49 \hspace{1cm} Fax: +212 24 43 74 09 \\
\texttt{lazrek@ucam.ac.ma}\\
\texttt{http://www.ucam.ac.ma/fssm/rydarab}


\section{Acknowledgements}

I want to thank Khalid Sami and Mostafa Banouni for there
contribution in redaction. I also want to thank Mohamed Jamel
Eddine Benatia, Mohamed Elyaakoubi and Mustapha Eddahibi for his
assistance at the time of the font development.
%Thanks for the student for his aid.
Finally, thank you very much for all users who have transmit me
their remarks, suggestions, and mistakes.


\bibliographystyle{amsplain}
\bibliography{../../source/biblio/bibg,../../source/biblio/bibp,../../source/biblio/bibw}

\end{document}
